Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Is X-men Bad for Science Literacy?

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Comic book characters often have super powers, which come from a variety of sources. Sometimes they are just aliens powered by our sun, sometimes they were bitten by a radioactive pest, sometimes they have been bombarded with cosmic rays. To me, these explanations essentially boil down to magic, it's a way for the writers to say "don't worry about it, just enjoy the story". But with X-men it is different, they try to make the explanation a little more credible by throwing in some science. X-men are the next stage in human evolution, homo-superior. They have some gene that has mutated and now they can fly, heal really fast, use telepathy, teleport, or whatever.

The problem is that this is completely different from how evolution actually works. Evolution is the accumulation of very small changes over a large amount of time. You don't have a regular human have a random mutation that makes their kid have powerful beams shooting out of their eyes. Those big jumps just don't happen. Of course this is further confused by somewhat controversial idea of punctuated equilibrium where large jumps in evolution happen in a short period of time. Of course, this is on an evolutionary time scale, in the range of 50,000 to 100,000 years. This is a far cry from a normal human having a child who has the ability to walk through walls.

Unfortunately, many people never learn what evolution really is. This type of thing is their only real exposure, is it really a wonder that they think evolution is ridiculous? Is it a wonder that we get questions like "who did the first wolf mate with?" They expect that there are these huge jumps, what are the odds that an incredibly rare jump will happen to two individuals at the same time so that they can mate and carry on this new species? "The odds are astronomically low!" Of course the odds are low for what you are describing, and that's not even close to how it works, so don't worry about it.

Of course X-men isn't completely at fault for these kinds of misconceptions, the real problem is the giant gap in our education system and the people actively spreading disinformation. But it seems to me that X-men plays a role, it gives people who haven't been presented with the real information an excuse to dismiss it out of hand. I was in that group when I was in high school, I never learned even the absolute basics of how evolution works and was told in church that it was nonsense.

Now don't get me wrong, I love the X-men, and I often enjoy other shows that are basically just X-men by another name (this post was actually inspired by The Tomorrow People). But it irks me when they explain the powers as evolution, because it is not evolution at all. I wish they would make up an explanation that involves things that don't exist, a science experiment that went wrong, a flying saucer that somehow gave random people these powers, or hell, just say it's mysterious where these powers are coming from.
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11 comments:

  1. I suppose like other fictitious book, people get there science from the comics rather than from the scientists. Its kind of like the Bible in a way great fiction (if you like mayhem) but thats all it is.

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  2. The thing is, nobody that I'm aware of takes comics seriously and if they do, they need professional help. Fiction, be it in a book or a comic or TV or movies, is fictional. It is intended to entertain, not inform. It doesn't matter what crazy thing someone does in a fictional story, the people who read or see it aren't supposed to take it to heart.

    That's quite a different thing with religion where the characters do crazy things in religious books and people are expected to buy into it.

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  3. Like Cephus, I hope no one is taking comics/science fiction series seriously when it comes to science, but it wouldn't surprise me if some people did.

    There are so many misunderstandings about evolution, and I wonder in which cases if it's due to lack of education about it, or willful ignorance.

    I've got a worse question for you than the "who did the first wolf mate with?" question. "Jason", the main personality from my Undercover Agnostic series, once asked me when challenging me about evolution, "If evolution is true, then why can't a dog give birth to kittens?"

    You can't reason with people like that.....

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    1. I saw Richard Dawkins debating with a television preacher. The preacher asked him, if the bladder didn't evolve until year x, how did people pee before that. It's not that people take comics seriously- it's that they don't understand scale, and they hear about this thing called evolution, and see a comic and start arguing. Kirk Cameron was debating an atheist about evolution. He asked the atheist to give an example of a transitional species and the atheist responded 'you are a transitional species...' and before he could finish explaining, the moderator jumped in and said 'No need for name calling.' The moderator didn't even understand evolution well enough to get that evolution is a slow, continuous process. (There is now, by the way, an award named after the example Kirk Cameron had photoshopped- the Golden Crocoduck, for the creationist who most willfully misrepresents science, or something like that.)

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    2. I agree N, it's not that they intend to take the comics seriously, it's just that they never learned it properly and they have been exposed to something called evolution in fiction. Without ever really thinking about it, they probably assume what little tidbits they have accumulated match reality.

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  4. I've used the X-men to explain how evolution actually works with my kids (X-men as a gateway drug to science). They're also a great way to teach kids how important tolerance is.

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  5. It's true that people shouldn't be taking what they see in comics seriously, but that is part of why I think it can be more of a problem. People don't think about it seriously, they don't think critically about it, and yet the ideas still get in. And then if later their pastor tells them about how evolution is bullshit and describes something that lines up pretty well with what they vaguely remember from xmen they will be more likely to take the pastor's word at face value. Obviously the pastor in this scenario is much more to blame, but I think the fiction plays a small role as well.

    In much the same way, I think fiction that is critical of religion can get into people's brains past their defenses. I have always liked comedy, and if some comic has just one or two jokes making fun of something within religion, I just laughed at it and moved on. If I had more time to think about it I probably would have been annoyed and dismissive (as I was trained by example in church to be), but in this way some of the ridiculousness within Christianity was able to be absorbed into my brain.

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  6. Seriously? Not completely. Like all science fiction, people expect it to be based on valid science and then exaggerated in some way. In this case they pretty much use evolution in name only.

    Compared to the Bible though? X-Men ain't an issue.

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  7. I always thought the X-Files were bad for skepticism. Scully was a great skeptic...but always wrong in the world of X-Files. Scooby Doo, much better that way.

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    1. Oddly, although Scully was a skeptic, she was a believer in god and was a Catholic, whereas Mulder was a believer in UFOs but was a skeptic when it came to religion.

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  8. I never got into X-files. I caught a few episodes and decided it was not for me. Years later I had a friend who was a huge X-files fan and asked me which episodes I had seen, she claimed they were probably the two worst episodes that they made. Oh well :)

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